What Is Ransomware and How to Protect Yourself from It

 

What is Ransomware?

Ransomware is malicious software that locks or encrypts your files and demands a ransom, usually in cryptocurrency, to restore access. It spreads through phishing emails or malicious websites, targeting both individuals and businesses.

Types of Ransomware:

   1.Crypto Ransomware:

    Encrypts files on the infected system, making them unreadable without a   decryption key.

   2.Locker Ransomware:

    Locks the victim out of their system entirely, preventing access to any data or     applications.

   3.Scareware:

    A less harmful variant that falsely claims the system is infected with a virus,   demanding payment to fix it.

  4.Doxware (or Leakware):

   Threatens to release sensitive or private data unless the ransom is paid.

How Ransomware Works:                                                                 

• Infection: Obtained through phishing emails or vulnerabilities.

• Encryption/Locking: Files or systems are encrypted or locked.

• Ransom Note: It demands the victim to pay for access.

How to Protect:

• Keep Software Up-to-Date: Keep your OS and applications updated.

• Install Antivirus Software: Get and update antivirus protection.

• Back Up Your Data: Back up important files regularly to an external device.

• Be Cautious with Emails: Avoid clicking links or opening attachments from unknown senders.

• Enable Firewalls: Install firewalls to prevent unauthorized access.

• Use Strong Passwords and MFA: Use strong, unique passwords and multi-factor authentication.

In Case Infected:

• Don't Pay the Ransom: There is no guarantee of recovering your files.

• Unplug: Disconnect the internet.

• Recovery from Backup: Using a backup to recover lost file.

• Reporting: Advise authorities, and follow the advice of decryption utilities.